LncRNA Information
ID EL1460 Name Xist Aliases A430022B11; AI314753
Species Mus musculus Chromosome X Start site 103460375
End site 103483217 Chain minus Exon NO. 7
Assembly Ensembl Release 89 Class lincRNA NCBI accession NR_001570, NR_001463
Ensembl ENSMUSG00000086503 Sequence


Disease
Disease Method Sample Expression pattern Dysfunction type Description PMID Source
membranous nephropathy N/A N/A N/A N/A Urinary Xist is significantly elevated in urine samples from patients with different types of glomerular nephritis, including MN, compared to normal counterparts. 25157805 LncRNADisease
 


Function (not disease relevant)
Methods Sample/condition Expression pattern Dysfunction type Description PMID Source
chemical and enzymatic probes and FRET experiments; combination of RNP affinity chromatography, immunoprecipitation; assays, mass spectrometry, and Western blot analysis mouse ES cell N/A N/A N/A 20052282
compared between freshly-isolated and cultured dental mesenchymal cells mouse dental mesenchymal cells down-regulated in dental mesenchymal cells; up-regulated in odontogenic dental mesenchymal tissue N/A loss of odontogenic potential 26986487
mutant mutant male and female mice N/A expression The xist rna is required for female dosage compensation but plays no role in spermatogenesis. 9009199
mutant mouse embryonic fibroblasts N/A mutation Loss of xist rna destabilizes the inactive state in somatic cells, leading to an increased reactivation frequency of an x-linked gfp transgene and of the endogenous hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (hprt) gene in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. 11352938
mutation mouse embryonic stem cells N/A expression Silencing requires a conserved repeat sequence located at the 5' end of xist. 11780141
N/A mice embryos, differentiating embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs) N/A expression Ectopic Xist RNA induction and subsequent X-linked gene silencing is sex specific in embryos and in differentiating embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs). A higher frequency of X(ΔTsix)Y male cells displayed ectopic Xist RNA coating compared with X(ΔTsix)X female cells. This increase reflected the inability of X(ΔTsix)Y cells to efficiently silence X-linked genes compared with X(ΔTsix)X cells, despite equivalent Xist RNA induction and coating. Silencing of genes on both Xs resulted in significantly reduced proliferation and increased cell death in X(ΔTsix)X female cells relative to X(ΔTsix)Y male cells. The increased expression of one or more X-inactivation escapees activates Xist and, separately, helps trigger X-linked gene silencing. 26739568
N/A ES cells N/A expression Xist had to be activated within 48 hr of differentiation to effect silencing, suggesting that reversible repression by xist is a required initiation step that might occur during normal x inactivation in female cells. 10882105
peptide nucleic acid (PNA) interference mapping N/A N/A N/A A single 19-bp antisense cell-permeating pna targeted against a particular region of xist rna caused the disruption of the xi. 11481485
RT-PCR,RNA and DNA Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization,Immunofluorescence and Antibodies ES cell N/A interaction It coats and silences 1 of the 2 X chromosomes in female cells and initiates a chromosomewide change in chromatin structure that includes the recruitment of Polycomb proteins 19164542
 


Interaction
Interaction target Level of interaction Type of interaction Description PMID Source
Hprt RNA-DNA regulation Loss of xist rna destabilizes the inactive state in somatic cells, leading to an increased reactivation frequency of an x-linked gfp transgene and of the endogenous hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (hprt) gene in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. 11352938
H2A RNA-Protein binding The association of the xi with macro-histone h2a is also disturbed by pna interference mapping. 11481485
TAP/NXF1 RNA-Protein binding The export factor TAP/NXF1 binds poorly to XIST RNA in comparison to exported mRNAs, suggesting that reduced TAP/NFX1 binding may contribute to nuclear retention of XIST RNA. 17333237 LncRNADisease
Dicer RNA-DNA binding In the absence of Dicer, coating by Xist RNA, initiation of silencing, and recruitment of Polycomb proteins occur normally 19164542
PRC2 RNA-Protein binding A large noncoding RNA encoded within the 5 of XIST that can target PRC2 to the inactive X chromosome. 19571010 LncRNADisease
PRC2 RNA-Protein binding The concentration of PRC2 at the 59 end of Xist is intriguing because recruitment of PRC2 and H3-K27me3 are two of the earliest changes to occur on the X following Xist up-regulation. 19684108 LncRNADisease
HNRNPU RNA-Protein binding Xist RNA and hnRNP U interact and upon depletion of hnRNP U, Xist RNA is detached from the Xi and diffusely localized into the nucleoplasm. 20833368 LncRNADisease
SAF-A RNA-Protein binding SAF-A is a plausible candidate for an anchor point of the Xist nrRNA to inactive X-chromosomes. 20940252 LncRNADisease
Rnf12 RNA-RNA co-expression Overexpression of Rnf12 ectopically induces Xist expression in XY cells. 21029862 LncRNADisease
PRC2 RNA-Protein binding Tsix represses Xist induction by several means, including altering the chromatin state of Xist, deploying Dnmt3a’s DNA methyltransferase activity, recruiting the RNAi machinery, and interfering with the ability of Xist and RepA RNA to engage Polycomb proteins. 21029862 LncRNADisease
PRC2 RNA-Protein binding X chromosome inactivation requires Xist, an ncRNA that coats the X and recruits Polycomb proteins. 21029862 LncRNADisease
Ezh2 RNA-Protein binding Ezh2 interacts with HOTAIR and Xist. 21123648 LncRNADisease
PRC2 RNA-Protein binding CDK1 and CDK2 phosphorylate EZH2 at threonine 350 (T350) and that T350 phosphorylation is important for the binding of EZH2 to PRC2 recruiters, such as noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) HOTAIR and XIST. 21278485 LncRNADisease
YY1 RNA-Protein binding Here, we define the nucleation center for Xist RNA and show that YY1 docks Xist particles onto the X chromosome. 21729784 LncRNADisease
HNRNPU RNA-Protein binding Xist RNA and hnRNP U interact, and depletion of hnRNP U causes Xist to detach from the Xi and to localize diffusely in the nucleoplasm. 21925379 LncRNADisease
EZH2 RNA-Protein binding HOTAIR, Kcnq1ot and Xist all mediate their effects by interacting with the Polycomb-repressive complex 2 (PRC2) component Ezh2 (enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (Drosophila)) and modulating histone methylation. 21936910 LncRNADisease