LncRNA Information
ID EL1459 Name XIST Aliases DXS1089; DXS399E; LINC00001; NCRNA00001; SXI1; swd66
Species Homo sapiens Chromosome X Start site 73820651
End site 73852753 Chain minus Exon NO. 6
Assembly Ensembl Release 89 Class lincRNA NCBI accession NR_001564
Ensembl ENSG00000229807 Sequence


Disease
Disease Method Sample Expression pattern Dysfunction type Description PMID Source
colorectal cancer microarray, FISH etc. CRC tissue differential expression N/A X inactive-specific transcript gene amplification has also been detected in microsatellite-unstable sporadic human CRC tissue when compared to matched normal colorectal epithelium. aCGH revealed distinct DNA copy number changes between sporadic CIN- and MIN-associated colorectal carcinomas. A differential role of these candidate oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in tumor development and progression of sporadic CIN and MIN CRC is likely and may also be involved in the response or resistance to therapeutic interventions, such as shown for microsatellite instability and 5-FU. 17143621 Lnc2Cancer
breast cancer microarray, FISH etc. breast cancer tissue differential expression mutation The intratumoral and intertumoral variability in XIST RNA domain number in BRCA1 tumors correlates with chromosomal genetic abnormalities, including gains, losses, reduplications, and rearrangements of the X-chromosome. 17545591 LncRNADisease Lnc2Cancer
ovarian cancer microarray, qPCR etc. ovarian cancer tissue, cell lines (ALST, CAOV3, OVCA3 etc.) down-regulated N/A The clinical relevance of this observation is demonstrated by the strong association between XIST RNA levels and disease-free periods of ovarian cancer patients in a group of 21 ovarian cancer cases with Taxol in the therapeutic regiments. Cytogenetic studies on ovarian cancer cell lines indicated that loss of inactive X chromosome is one mechanism for the loss of XIST transcripts in the cell lines. Our data suggest that XIST expression may be a potential marker for chemotherapeutic responses in ovarian cancer. 12492109 Lnc2Cancer
ovarian cancer microarray, qPCR etc. ovarian cancer tissue, cell lines (NOSE, EOC etc.) down-regulated N/A A series of malignant ovarian tumor samples were investigated for XIST expression. XIST expression was detectable by RT-PCR in the majority of EOC samples tested but was expressed at very low levels in four of 15 (27%) EOC samples, TOV921G, TOV1118D, TOV837, and TOV1054G. 17143508 Lnc2Cancer
renal collecting duct carcinoma microarray, Western blot etc. cell lines (AP3, AP8-CDC etc.) up-regulated N/A In cell lines created from the tissue of both a male patient and a female patient with collecting duct carcinoma of the kidney, the XIST gene, along with several other chromosome X genes, was found to have an increase in copy number. The results suggest that TOP1 might be one of the molecular targets in AP8 CDC cells. Thus, these novel CDC cell lines will be useful for discovering therapeutic targets and developing effective anticancer drugs against CDC. 19154479 Lnc2Cancer
Klinefelter's syndrome N/A N/A N/A expression We demonstrated by quantitative RT-PCR an active XIST RNA expression in blood lymphocytes from Klinefelter patients, comparable to that observed in control females and over 30,000-fold greater than in control males. 18854511 LncRNADisease
Klinefelter's syndrome N/A N/A N/A epigenetics Severe XIST hypomethylation clearly distinguishes (SRY+) 46,XX-maleness from Klinefelter syndrome. 19812237 LncRNADisease
female cancers N/A N/A N/A expression Recent studies have linked their mis-expression to diverse cancers (ANRIL: prostate cancer, XIST: female cancers, HOTAIR: breast cancer, KCNQ1OT2: colorectal cancer). 23660942 LncRNADisease
bladder cancer N/A N/A N/A regulation Putative diagnostic and prognostic marker 24373479 LncRNADisease
cancer N/A N/A N/A regulation Dysfunction of XIST may trigger the chromatin instability and promote caner development. 24757675 LncRNADisease
cancer N/A N/A N/A regulation The lncRNA Xist was found to be a potent tumor suppressor of hematologic malignancies?in vivo. 24829860 LncRNADisease
testicular germ cell tumor qPCR etc. testicular germ cell tumor tissue, cell lines (Team-2, JKT-1, ITO-II etc.) up-regulated expression XIST expression was common in seminomatous testicular germ cell tumors but not in nonseminomatous testicular germ cell tumors. 12629412 LncRNADisease Lnc2Cancer
non-small cell lung cancer qPCR etc. blood (serum), NSCLC tissue up-regulated expression The levels of XIST (P < 0.05) and HIF1A-AS1 (P < 0.05) were significantly increased in tumor tissues or serum from NSCLC patients as compared to those of control group. Moreover, serum levels of XIST and HIF1A-AS1 were significantly decreased after surgical treatment as compared to pre-operative. 26339353 Lnc2Cancer
glioblastoma qPCR, Luciferase reporter assay, RIP etc. glioblastoma tissue up-regulated expression Our results proved that XIST expression was up-regulated in glioma tissues and GSCs. Functionally, knockdown of XIST exerted tumor-suppressive functions by reducing cell proliferation, migration and invasion as well as inducing apoptosis. 25578780 Lnc2Cancer
cystic fibrosis qRT-PCR bronchial cells isolated from endobronchial brushings obtained from CF and non-CF individuals N/A expression Dysregulation of some of these lncRNAs may play important roles in the chronic infection and inflammation that exists in the lungs of people with CF. 24631641
 


Function (not disease relevant)
Methods Sample/condition Expression pattern Dysfunction type Description PMID Source
N/A N/A N/A interaction We describe gene targeting of xist, and provide evidence for its absolute requirement in the process of x chromosome inactivation. 8538762
Targeted Structure-Seq N/A N/A expression We use this approach to probe the full-length Xist lncRNA to develop new models for functional elements within Xist, including the repeat A element in the 5'-end of Xist. This analysis also identified new structural elements in Xist that are evolutionarily conserved, including a new element proximal to the C repeats that is important for Xist function. 26646615
 


Interaction
Interaction target Level of interaction Type of interaction Description PMID Source
H3 RNA-Protein regulation The concentration of PRC2 at the 59 end of Xist is intriguing because recruitment of PRC2 and H3-K27me3 are two of the earliest changes to occur on the X following Xist up-regulation. 19684108 LncRNADisease
PRC2 RNA-Protein binding During female development, Xist RNA is expressed from the inactive X and coats the X chromosome from which it is transcribed, leading to recruitment of Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), which trimethylates histone H3 at lysine 27 to silence transcription. 21496640 LncRNADisease
miR-152 RNA-RNA regulation miR-152 mediated the tumor-suppressive effects that knockdown of XIST exerted. 25578780